Papillary carcinomas - Figure 22. Sonographic signs - cystically degenerated papillary carcinoma.

Cystically degenerated forms causes the greatest issue in the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma because it is very difficult to gain adequate material for cytological analysis. In such cases the consideration of the sonographic pattern may be of great help. If the solid part presents microcalcification then the risk of papillary carcinoma is significantly increased. Macrolobulation of the solid part, increased vascularization and peripheral type are also included among suspicious signs of a mixed solid-cystic nodule.