Clinical data: a 51-year-old woman was referred for FNAC of a suspicious area found in the right thyroid. The patient was diagnosed as having hyperthyroidism and was treated with methimazole for a week.

Palpation: both thyroids were enlarged and firm. No nodule was palpable.

Results of blood tests: hyperthyroidism with undetectable TSH-level, FT4 was 33.8 pM/L.

Ultrasonography: the thyroids were hypoechogenic and presented increased vascularization. There was no nodule or discrete area within the lobes. There were several small hyperechogenic granules in the left thyroid determined suspicious by previous examiner. In fact these have no relevance.

Aspiration cytology. Benign lesion corresponding to hyperthyroidism.

Comment: from a practical point-of-view we perform aspiration cytology in every case when the patient was told to have a nodule or any lesion caused anxiety. If we only told him or her that the lesion has no oncological significance, there were two statements pro and contra. However, if we perform cytology, we have data and not an opinion against the possibility of carcinoma. Keep in mind, that cytology causes discomfort similar to a cupping. Nevertheless, if we investigate the patient first, we can tell that the lesion found on ultrasound has no oncological significance and the patient can avoid cytology.